Microk8s

Pre-requisite

We will need 1 VM to create a single node kubernetes cluster using microk8s. We are using following setting for this purpose:

• 1 Linux machine, ubuntu-22.04-x86_64 or your choice of Ubuntu OS image, cpu-a.2 flavor with 2vCPU, 4GB RAM, 20GB storage - also assign Floating IP to this VM.
• setup Unique hostname to the machine using the following command:

echo "<node_internal_IP> <host_name>" >> /etc/hosts
hostnamectl set-hostname <host_name>

For example,

echo "192.168.0.62 microk8s" >> /etc/hosts
hostnamectl set-hostname microk8s

Install MicroK8s on Ubuntu

Run the below command on the Ubuntu VM:

• SSH into microk8s machine

• Switch to root user: sudo su

• Update the repositories and packages:

apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

• Install MicroK8s:

sudo snap install microk8s --classic

• Check the status while Kubernetes starts

microk8s status --wait-ready

• Turn on the services you want:

microk8s enable dns dashboard

Try microk8s enable --help for a list of available services and optional features. microk8s disable <name> turns off a service. For example other useful services are: microk8s enable registry istio storage

• Start using Kubernetes

microk8s kubectl get all --all-namespaces

If you mainly use MicroK8s you can make our kubectl the default one on your command-line with alias mkctl="microk8s kubectl". Since it is a standard upstream kubectl, you can also drive other Kubernetes clusters with it by pointing to the respective kubeconfig file via the --kubeconfig argument.

• Access the Kubernetes dashboard UI:

As we see above the kubernetes-dashboard service in the kube-system namespace has a ClusterIP of 10.152.183.73 and listens on TCP port 443. The ClusterIP is randomly assigned, so if you follow these steps on your host, make sure you check the IP adress you got.

Note

Another way to access the default token to be used for the dashboard access can be retrieved with:

• Keep running the kubernetes-dashboad on Proxy to access it via web browser:

microk8s dashboard-proxy

Checking if Dashboard is running.
Dashboard will be available at https://127.0.0.1:10443
Use the following token to login:
eyJhbGc....

Important

This tells us the IP address of the Dashboard and the port. The values assigned to your Dashboard will differ. Please note the displayed PORT and also the TOKEN that are required to access the kubernetes-dashboard. Make sure, the exposed PORT is opened in Security Groups for the instance following this guide.

This will show the token to login to the Dashbord shown on the url with NodePort.

You’ll need to wait a few minutes before the dashboard becomes available. If you open a web browser on the same desktop you deployed Microk8s and point it to https://<Floating-IP>:<PORT> (where PORT is the PORT assigned to the Dashboard noted while running the above command), you’ll need to accept the risk (because the Dashboard uses a self-signed certificate). And, we can enter the previously noted TOKEN to access the kubernetes-dashboard.

Once entered correct TOKEN the kubernetes-dashboard is accessed and looks like below:

Information

• Start and stop Kubernetes: Kubernetes is a collection of system services that talk to each other all the time. If you don’t need them running in the background then you will save battery by stopping them. microk8s start and microk8s stop will those tasks for you.
• To Reset the infrastructure to a clean state: microk8s reset

Deploy a Container using the Kubernetes-Dashboard

Click on the + button in the top left corner of the main window. On the resulting page, click Create from form and then fill out the necessary information as shown below:

You should immediately be directed to a page that lists your new deployment as shown below:

Go back to the terminal window and issue the command:

microk8s kubectl get svc tns -n kube-system

NAME   TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
tns    LoadBalancer   10.152.183.90   <pending>     8080:30012/TCP   14m

Go to browser, visit http://<Floating-IP>:<NodePort> i.e. http://128.31.26.4:30012/ to check the nginx default page.

Deploy A Sample Nginx Application

• Create an alias:

alias mkctl="microk8s kubectl"

• Create a deployment, in this case Nginx:

mkctl create deployment --image nginx my-nginx

• To access the deployment we will need to expose it:

mkctl expose deployment my-nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

mkctl get svc my-nginx

NAME       TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
my-nginx   NodePort   10.152.183.41   <none>        80:31225/TCP   35h

Go to browser, visit http://<Floating-IP>:<NodePort> i.e. http://128.31.26.4:31225/ to check the nginx default page.

Deploy Another Application

You can start by creating a microbot deployment with two pods via the kubectl cli:

mkctl create deployment microbot --image=dontrebootme/microbot:v1
mkctl scale deployment microbot --replicas=2

To expose the deployment to NodePort, you need to create a service:

mkctl expose deployment microbot --type=NodePort --port=80 --name=microbot-service

• View the port information:

mkctl get svc microbot-service

NAME               TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
microbot-service   NodePort   10.152.183.8   <none>        80:31442/TCP   35h

Go to browser, visit http://<Floating-IP>:<NodePort> i.e. http://128.31.26.4:31442/ to check the microbot default page.

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